Ensuring safety and compliance for substations through fault current analysis, soil resistivity testing, and comprehensive ground grid design.
Why Substation Grounding Is Critical
Effective ground grid design is vital to prevent dangerous voltage potentials that could lead to injury or death during a fault event. Our studies address key safety risks including:
- Touch Potentials
- Step Potentials
- Reach-Touch Potentials
- Transfer Potentials
Applicable Codes & Standards
IEEE 80-2013
IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding
IEEE 81-2012
IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Grounding System
EEE 81.2-1992
IEEE Guide for Measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems
IEEE 142-2007
IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems (“Green Book”)
IEEE 142-1991
IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems (“Green Book”)
IEEE 367-2012
IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Electric Power Station Ground Potential Rise and Induced Voltage from a Power Fault
IEEE 487-2015
IEEE Recommended Practice for the Protection of Wire-Line Communication Facilities Serving Electric Supply Locations
IEEE 525-2025
IEEE Guide for the Design and Installation of Cable Systems in Substations
IEEE 837-2024
IEEE Standard for Qualifying Permanent Connections Used in Substation Grounding
IEEE 1100-2005
IEEE Recommended Practice for Powering and Grounding Electronic Equipment (“Emerald Book”)
IEEE C37.122-2021
IEEE Standard for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated Above 52 kV
IEEE C37.122.1-2014
IEEE Guide for Gas-Insulated Substations Rated Above 52 kV
NESC C2-2023
National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), 2023 Edition
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